Italian Translation

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  Official language

  Former official language

 Presence of Italian-speaking communities

About Italian
Italian language, Italian Italiano, Romance language spoken by some 66,000,000 persons, the vast majority of whom live in Italy (including Sicily and Sardinia). It is the official language of Italy, San Marino, and (together with Latin) Vatican City. Italian is also (with German, French, and Romansh) an official language of Switzerland, where it is spoken in Ticino and Graubünden (Grisons) cantons by some 666,000 individuals. Italian is also used as a common language in France (the Alps and Côte d’Azur) and in small communities in Croatia and Slovenia. On the island of Corsica a Tuscan variety of Italian is spoken, though Italian is not the language of culture. Overseas (e.g., in the United States, Brazil, and Argentina) speakers sometimes do not know the standard language and use only dialect forms. Increasingly, they only rarely know the language of their parents or grandparents. Standard Italian was once widely used in Somalia and Malta, but no longer. In Libya too its use has died out.
Although Italian has a standard literary form, based on the dialect of Florence, the common speech is dialectal or a local variant of Standard Italian. The following dialect groups are distinguished: Northern Italian, or Gallo-Italian; Venetan, spoken in northeastern Italy; Tuscan (including Corsican); and three related groups from southern and eastern Italy—(1) the dialects of the Marche, Umbria, and Rome, (2) those of Abruzzi, Puglia (Apulia), Naples, Campania, and Lucania, and (3) those of Calabria, Otranto, and Sicily.
The sound system of Italian is quite similar to that of Latin or Spanish. Its grammar is also similar to that of the other modern Romance languages, showing agreement of adjectives and nouns, the use of definite and indefinite articles, loss of noun declension for case, two genders (masculine and feminine), and an elaborate system of perfect and progressive tenses for the verb. The most notable difference between Italian and French or Spanish is that it does not use -s or -es to form the plural of nouns but instead uses -e for most feminine words and -i for masculine words (and some feminine words).
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, Slovenia and Croatia. In Switzerland it is spoken in Graubünden and Ticino cantons in the south east. In Croatia it is spoken mainly in Istria county in northwest, and it is spoken in the neighbouring Istria region of southwest Slovenia. There are also Italian speakers in other countries, including Malta, Monaco, Romania, France, Eritrea, Somalia, Brazil Australia and the USA.
There are about 64 million native speakers of Italian worldwide, another 3 million people speak it as a second language.
In Italy in 2012 about 59 million people spoke Italian. Half the population speak standard Italian as a native language, and the other half speak regional dialects and languages as their first languages, and Italian as a second language.
There are about 1.4 million Italian speakers in Romania, 829,000 in France, 666,000 in Switzerland, 618,000 in Croatia, 272,000 in Australia, 234,430 in Malta, 50,000 in Brazil, 25,000 in San Marino, and smaller numbers in other countries. There are also about 708,000 Italian speakers in the USA and 375,600 in Canada.

Written Italian
Italian first started to appear in written documents during the 10th century in the form of notes and short texts inserted into Latin documents such as lawsuits and poetry. For a long time there was no standard written or spoken language in Italy and writers tended to write in their own regional dialects and languages. In northern Italy, which was often ruled by the French, French and Occitan were used as literary languages.
During the 13th century such writers as Dante Alighieri (1265-1321), Petrarch and Boccaccio were influential in popularizing their own dialect of Italian - the Tuscan of Florence (la lingua fiorentina) - as a standard literary language. By the 14th century the Tuscan dialect was being used in political and cultural circles throughout Italy, though Latin remained the pre-eminent literary language until the 16th century.
The first grammar of Italian with the Latin title Regule lingue florentine (Rules of the Florentine language) was produced by Leon Battista Alberti (1404-72) and published in 1495.
During the 15th and 16th centuries both Latin and Italian were used for technical and scientific texts. The Italian used was full of Latin words and over time Latin was used less and less as Italian became increasingly popular.
Today the Tuscan dialect is known as Italian (Italiano) and is the offical language of Italy. It is the main language of literature and the media.

Italian alphabet (alfabeto italiano)

Notes
The letters j (i lunga), k (cappa), w (vi/vu doppia) x (ics) and y (i greca) do appear in Italian but are thought of as foreign letters. They are used mainly in foreign loan words and their pronunciation depends on the word they appear in.

Italian pronunciation (Pronuncia di italiano)

Notes
• c = [ʧ] before i or e, and [k] elsewhere
• g = [ʤ] before i or e, and [g] elsewhere
• s = [z] between vowels, and when next to a voiced consonant, e.g. sguardo, and [s] elsewhere
• sc = [ʃ] before i or e, and [sk] before a, o or u
• A double consonant is longer version of a single consonant and shortens the preceding vowel

Did You Know?
English has borrowed many words from Italian. Below is a sampling from three different categories of borrowings.
Musical terms                      Foods                                Miscellaneous
adagio                                 al dente                                  al fresco
alto                                      broccoli                                    bimbo
bravo                                   lasagne                                   fiasco
duo                                      linguini                                     ghetto
opera                     macaroni (from maccheroni)                 mafia
solo                                      pasta                                       stucco
soprano                                pizza                                       studio
tempo                                spaghetti                                   umbrella
viola                                   zucchini                                     graffiti

How much does a translation into Italian cost?
The standard rate for translations from English into Italian is $ 0.12 while translations of Italian from or to other languages varies. For urgent jobs that need several linguists working simultaneously, we will apply a surcharge.

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