Persian Translation

Target Language Translation Services is a corporate member of the American Translators Association (ATA) that offers qualified translations from Persian to English of all types of documents, including: patents, legal documents, training materials, advertising manuals, birth certificates, criminal records, marriage certificates, etc.

All Persian translation services are performed 100% by native Persian linguists who work around the world to deliver your projects on time and under budget with an average of 5-10 years of experience offering professional translation services.

Areas with significant numbers of people whose first language is Persian (including dialects)

Persian Linguasphere.

Legend

  Official language

  More than 1,000,000 speakers

  Between 500,000 – 1,000,000 speakers

  Between 100,000 – 500,000 speakers

  Between 25,000 – 100,000 speakers

  Fewer than 25,000 speakers / none

About Persian (Fārsī / فارسی)

Persian is a member of the Western Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is spoken by about 110 million people, mainly in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan, and also in Uzbekistan, Iraq, Russia and Azerbaijan. In 2009 there were about 60 million native speakers of Persian, and another 50 million second language speakers.

In Afghanistan Persian is known as Dari (درى) or Dari-Persian, while in Tajikistan it's known as Tajiki (Тоҷики / تاجيكى).

Under Mongolian and Turkish rulers, Persian was adopted as the language of government in Turkey, central Asia and India, where it was used for centuries, and until after 1900 in Kashmir.

Persian, Farsi or Parsi?

The official language of Iran is sometimes called Farsi in English and other languages. This is a correct transliteration of the native name of the language, however many, including the ISO and the Academy of Persian Language and Literature, prefer the name Persian for the language. Some speakers use the older local name: Parsi (پارسی). There is some discussion about this topic at: www.iranian.com and wikipedia.

Iran or Persia?

Until 1935, the official name of the country currently known as Iran was Persia, though the Persian people have called their country Iran since the Sassanid period (226-651 AD).

Written Persian

Old Persian was first written in about 600 BC in the Old Persian Cuneiform. The language had evolved into what we known as Middle Persian by about 300 BC, and was written with the Pahlavi, Manichaean and Avestan alphabets. From 800 AD the language is known as Modern Persian, and was written with the Persian of Perso-Arabic alphabet. There are also ways of writing Persian with the Latin alphabet.

In Tajikistan Tajik has been written with a version of Cyrillic alphabet since 1940. Between 1928 and 1940 it was written with a version of the Latin alphabet, and before then with the Perso-Arabic alphabet.

Persian alphabet (الفبای فارسی / alefbā-ye fârsi) فارسی)

After the Islamic conquest of the Persian Sassanian Empire in 642 AD, Arabic became the language of government, culture and especially religion, and the Arabic alphabet was adapted to write the Persian language. This is now known as the Persian or Perso-Arabic alphabet (الفبای فارسی / alefbā-ye fârsi).

Notable features

• Type of writing system: abjad / consonant alphabet - includes letters only for consonants. Vowels, when indicated, are written with diacritics and/or combinations of consonant letters

• Writing direction: right to left in horizontal lines; numerals written from left to right.

• Used to write: Persian (فارسی)

Notes

• Persian has six vowel sounds and two diphthongs: â (/ɒː/), a (/æ/), e (/e/), I (/iː/), o (/o/), u (/uː/), ey (/ej/) and ow (/ow/).

• "Alef" has no particular sound. At the beginning of words by means of diacritics it can denote "â" (آ), "a" (اَ), "e" (اِ), "o" (اُ) but elsewhere, it always denotes "â". However, only the diacritic of "â" (آ) is commonly written and you just have to memorize the pronunciation. For example: آب (âb) – water, اسب (asb) – horse, امید (omid) – hope, امشب (emšab) - tonight.

• ح (he) is also known as ی جیمی (ye-jimi), and ﻩ (he) is also known as ی دوچش (ye-docešma)

Notes and corrections by Ali Jahanshiri

Numerals

Note

The symbols for 4,5 and 6 are different from the standard numerals used for Arabic.

Did You Know?

English has borrowed a number of words from Persian. Persian, in turn, borrowed many of these words from Arabic. Most of them came into English indirectly through other languages, mostly French and Greek. A few of them are listed below:

English word from Persian

baksheesh---bakhshish, literally ‘gift’

bazaar---bazar ‘market’

caravan---karwan ‘group of desert travelers’

caviar---khaviyar, from khaya ‘egg’ + dar ‘bearing’

lac lak---‘resinous substance’

magic---Old Persian magush ‘magician’

mummy---mumiya, from mum ‘wax’

pilaf---pilaw, a rice dish with meat

pistachio---pista ‘pistachio tree’

shah---shah, title of king of Persia

scarlet ---saqirlat, a kind of rich cloth, not necessarily red

seersucker---shir-o-shakkar ‘striped cloth’, literally ‘milk and sugar’, an allusion to the alternately smooth and puckered surfaces of the stripes; from shir ‘milk’ + ‘hakar ‘sugar’

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