Punjabi translation

Target Language Translation Services is a professional translation agency with experience and a reputation you can trust! Certified to ISO ISO9001-2005, which mandates every Punjabi translation be revised / proofread by a second professional Punjabi linguist. This ISO certification is an assurance our translation company has met a wide range of process and quality assurance mechanisms that correlate in offering our customers confidence in our Punjabi translations.

Meanwhile, all Punjabi translation services are performed 100% by professional human linguists who are native Punjabi speakers also fluent in English. We have a rigorous vetting and quality control process to make sure our high standards are met by all of our Punjabi linguists allowing us to consistently deliver quality work to our customers.

Areas of the Indian Subcontinent where Punjabi is natively spoken

About Punjabi(ਪੰਜਾਬੀ / پنجابی)

Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken mainly in Punjab Province in Pakistan, and in Punjab state in India. There are also Punjabi speakers in the Kenya, Singapore, UK, Canada, the UAE, the USA, Saudi Arabia and Australia.

The names Punjabi and Punjab come from the Persian words for five (panj - پنج) and water (ab آب), and refers to the five major eastern tributaties of the Indus River that flow through Punjab: the Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Sutlej and Beas.

Punjabi descended from the Shauraseni language of medieval northern India and became a distinct language during the 11th century. There are two main varieties of Punjabi: Eastern Punjabi and Western Punjabi, each of which has a number of dialects.

Eastern Punjabi is spoken by about 32.6 million people (in 2011), mainly in India in the states of Punjab, Chandigarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Kammu and Kashmir, and Rajasthan. There are also speakers of Eastern Punjabi in Nairobi in Kenya, and in Singapore.

Western Punjabi is spoken by about 92.7 million people (in 2015), mainly in Punjab province in Pakistan, and also in Punjab state and Jammu and Kashmir state in India. It is also known as Lahanda, Lahnda or Lahndi.

In India Punjabi is written with the Gurmukhi (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ) alphabet, while in Pakistan it is written with a version of the Urdu alphabet known as Shahmukhi (شاہ مکھی). The written standard for Punjabi in both India and Pakistan is known as Majhi (ਮਾਝੀ/ ماجھ), which is named after the Majha region of Punjab.

Punjabi is one of India's 22 official languages and it is the first official language in East Punjab. In Pakistan Punjabi is the second most widely-spoken language but has no official status.

Gurmukhi alphabet (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ)

The Gurmukhi alphabet developed from the Landa alphabet and was standardised during the 16th century by Guru Angad Dev Ji, the second Sikh guru. The name Gurmukhi means "from the mouth of the Guru" and comes from the Old Punjabi word guramukhī.

Notable Features

• Type of writing system: syllabic alphabet

• Direction of writing: left to right in horizontal lines

• Used to write: Punjabi

• Consonants have an inherent vowel. Diacritics, which can appear above, below, before or after the consonant they belong to, are used to change the inherent vowel.

• When they appear at the beginning of a syllable, vowels are written as independent letters.

• When certain consonants occur together, special conjunct symbols are used which combine the essential parts of each letter.

• Punjabi is a tonal language with three tones: high falling, low rising and level. The letters ਹ (ha), ਘ (gha), ਝ (jha), ਢ (ḍha), ਧ (dha) and ਭ (bha) have a level tone when at the beginning or a word of syllable, and a high falling tone when elsewhere. The conjuncts ਗ੍ਹ (gha), ਜ੍ਹ (jha), ਡ੍ਹ (ḍha), ਦ੍ਹ (dha) and ਬ੍ਹ (bha) have a level tone when at the beginning or a word of syllable, and a low rising tone when elsewhere.

Other symbols

Numerals

Shahmukhi alphabet (شاہ مکھی)

The Shahmukhi alphabet is a version of the Persian alphabet used to write Punjabi in Pakistan. It is normally written in Nastaʿlīq style and has been used since the 11th century. The name Shahmukhi means "from the King's mouth". The Shahmukhi alphabet currently used was developed in Pakistan in 2016. It is also known as the Punjabi alphabet. The chart below shows the Shahmuki script with Gurmukhi equivalents.

Notable Features

• Type of writing system: alphabet

• Direction of writing: right to left in horizontal lines

• Used to write: Punjabi

• The sounds ñ [ɲ], ng [ŋ] and ṇ [ɳ] are all written with ں (nun ghunna). In initial and medial positions they are written with ن.

• ے (bari ye) is only found in the final position, when writing the sounds e [e] or ai [æ], and in initial and medial positions, it takes the form of ي.

• Short vowels are written with: َ a [ə], ُ u [ʊ], ِ i [ɪ]

The chart below shows the Shahmuki script with Gurmukhi equivalents

How much does a translation into Punjabi Translation cost?

The standard rate for translations from English into Punjabi Translation is $ 0.11, and rates for translations from French into or French from other languages vary. For urgent jobs that need several linguists working simultaneously, we will apply a surcharge.

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